1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to prevent and reduce the fire hazard in petrochemical enterprises and protect the security of person and property.
1.0.2 This standard is applicable to the fire prevention design of construction, extension and renovation engineering of petrochemical enterprises.
1.0.3 The fire prevention design of petrochemical enterprises shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with those specified in the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Petrochemical enterprise
It refers to the oil refinery, petrochemical plant, petroleum chemical fibre factory or other combined plant that produce, store and transport various petrochemical products with petroleum, natural gas and their products as raw materials.
2.0.2 Plant area
It refers to the area composed of the production area, utility & auxiliary facility area and production management area in the plant wall or boundary.
2.0.3 Production area
It refers to the area composed of process plant and/or equipment for using and producing flammable substance and those that may emanate flammable gas.
2.0.4 Utility & auxiliary facility
It refers to the necessity facility that does not directly participate in but has auxiliary actions on production and in the production process of petrochemical engineering.
2.0.5 Overall major facility
It refers to the facility that influences the production of plant complex or may result in severe personal injury in the fire hazard. The overall major facility may be classified into two kinds: The first kind: is the facility that may result in severe personal injury when fire hazard breaks out. The second kind: Is the facility that will influence the production of plant complex when the fire hazard breaks out.
2.0.6 Regional major facility
It refers to the facility that influences the production of part process plant or may result in severe personal injury in the fire hazard.
2.0.7 Fired site
It refers to the indoor and outdoor fixed site where is with exposed flame and red hot surface.
2.0.8 Fired equipment
It refers to the heating equipment and waste gas incineration equipment with the firebox connected with atmosphere and exposed flame at improper on occasional conditions.
2.0.9 Sparking site
It refers to such site as chimney with spotting fire, outdoor grinding wheel, electric welding, autogenous welding (torch cutting), and outdoor non-explosion-proof electrical switch.
2.0.10 Process plant area
It refers to the area composed of one or more than one independent petrochemical plant or multiple process plants.
2.0.11 Multiple process plants
It refers to a set of plants arranged with two or more than two unit plants densely, and the plants feed directly without the intermediate feed reservoir for overhauling, and their commencement or break-down maintenance shall be carried out synchronously.
2.0.12 Process plant
It refers to the combination of one or more than one interdependent process plants.
2.0.13 Process unit
It refers to the combination of the equipment, pipelines and instruments of one technological operation process completed according to the production.
2.0.14 Process equipment
It refers to the reactor, tower, heat exchanger, vessel, heating furnace and pump needed for realizing the technical process.
2.0.15 Enclosed industrial building (warehouse)
It refers to the building of productbility (storage capability) set with roof and with the peripheral structure wholly adopting closed wall (including door and window) structure.
2.0.16 Semi-enclosed industrial building
It refers to the productive building set with roof, and the outer fender structure partially adopts closed wall in area not exceeding half of the area outer enclosure surface of this building.
2.0.17 Opened industrial building
It refers to the building set with roof but no outer fender structure.
2.0.18 Process storage within process plant
They are the storage tanks (set) arranged in the process plant for balancing production and products or primary launching according to the process requirements, but they shall not directly participate in the technical process in the regular production process of process plant.
2.0.19 Liquefied hydrocarbon
At 15℃, it refers to the hydrocarbon liquid and other similar liquids with vapor pressure larger than 0.1MPa, excluding liquefied natural gas.
2.0.20 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
It refer to C3, C4 and their mixture that is at gas state at normal temperature and pressure and shall be at liquid state after compressing and cooling.
2.0.21 Boil-over liquid
It refers to viscosious hydrocarbon mixture that may occur boil over phenomena caused by quick vaporizing of water layer at tank bottom due to the thermal transmission action when the medium temperature in tank rises.
2.0.22 Dike
It refers to the structures for preventing the liquid from out-flowing and the fire hazard from spreading when the flammable liquid material storage tank occurs with leakage accident.
2.0.23 Intermediate dike
It refers to the structure dividing a group of storage tanks into several subareas for reducing the range of influence when the storage tank in dike occurs with little leakage accident.
2.0.24 A group of storage tanks
It refers to one or more of storage tanks arranged in one dike.
2.0.25 Tank farm
It refers to the area composed of one or more groups of storage tanks.
2.0.26 Floating roof tank (external floating roof tank)
It refers to the storage tank by setting buoyancy chamber top in open storage tank, which is also named as floating roof tank.
2.0.27 Atmospheric storage tank
It refers to the storage tank with design pressure less than or equal to 6.9kPa (gauge pressure at tank deck).
2.0.28 Low-pressure storage tank
It refers to the storage tank with design pressure is larger than 6.9kPa and less than 0.1MPa (gauge pressure at tank deck).
2.0.29 Pressurized storage tank
It refers to the storage tank with design pressure larger than or equal to 0.1MPa (gauge pressure at tank deck).
2.0.30 Single containment storage tank
It refers to the single-wall storage tank with thermal-insulating layer or the storage tank that is composed of inter tank and outer tank. The inter tank shall be adaptable to the requirement on storing low-temperature refrigerating fluid, the outer tank mainly for supporting and protecting the thermal-insulating layer and shall be able to withstand the pressure of gas purge but cannot store the low-temperature refrigerating fluid leaked from inter tank.
2.0.31 Double containment storage tank
It refers to storage tank composed of inter tank and outer tank. Both the inter tank and outer tank shall be adaptable to store low-temperature refrigerating fluid, at normal operating conditions, the inter tank store low-temperature refrigerating fluid, the outer tank be able to store the refrigerating fluid leaked out from inter tank but not cannot restriction limit the emission of gas generated by refrigerating fluid leaked from inter tank.
2.0.32 Full containment storage tank
It refers to storage tank composed of inter tank and outer tank. Both the inter tank and outer tank shall be adaptable to store low-temperature refrigerating fluid, the distance between the inter tank and outer tank is 1~2m, the tank deck is supported by outer tank; at normal operating conditions, the inter tank stores low-temperature refrigerating fluid, the outer tank is not only able to store the low-temperature refrigerating fluid, but also limit the emission of gas generated by liquid leaked from inter tank.
2.0.33 Flare systems
It refers to a kind of facility processing released flammable gas through combustion method, which is divided into elevated flare and ground flare. The system is composed of discharge pipeline, liquid separating equipment, fire retardant equipment, flare burner, ignition system, flare cylinder and other parts.
2.0.34 Stabilized high pressure fire water systems
It refers to the fire main system by adopting stabilized pressure pump to maintain the fire pressure larger than or equal to 0.7MPa.
2.0.35 Pipelines between the site boundary and off-site
It refers to the pipelines between petrochemical enterprises, oil depots, oil and gas terminals, etc., which transport flammable gases, liquefied hydrocarbons and flammable liquid, and characterized by that the pipelines, less than or equal to 30km long, are laid between the walls or the land boundaries of the petrochemical enterprises, oil depots and oil and gas terminals, and pass through the public area.
3 Classification of Fire Hazard
3.0.1 The fire hazard of flammable gas shall be classified according to those specified in Table 3.0.1.
