1.0.1 This code is formulated with view to adapting to the urban construction development requirement and making the design of parking garage building meeting the basic requirements of being suitable, safe, sanitary, economical, environmental-friendly and energy-efficient, etc.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the architectural design of constructed, renovated and extended motor vehicle garage and non-motor vehicle garage buildings.
1.0.3 The parking garage buildings are classified into motor vehicle garage and non-motor vehicle garage per the types of parked vehicles and may be classified into detached garage and garage attached to building per the construction mode.
1.0.4 The building scale of motor vehicle garage shall be classified into super-large, large, medium and small scale according to the equivalent parking unit, and that of non-motor vehicle garage shall be classified into large, medium and small scale according to the equivalent parking unit. The building scale and equivalent parking unit of parking garage shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1.0.4.
Table 1.0.4 Building Scale and Equivalent Parking Unit of Parking Garage
Equivalent parking unit
Scale
Type Super-large Large Medium Small
Equivalent parking unit of motor vehicle garage >1,000 301~1,000 51~300 ≤50
Equivalent parking unit of non-motor vehicle garage - >500 251~500 ≤250
1.0.5 The design of parking garage building shall ensure the building being convenient to use, safe and reliable, technology-advanced, economical and reasonable, and shall also meet the requirements of urban and regional traffic management.
1.0.6 In addition to the requirements of this code, the design of parking garage building shall also comply with those specified in the current relevant standards of the nation.
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2 Terminologies
2.1.1 Parking garage
The building where motor and non-motor vehicles are parked.
2.0.2 Motor vehicle
The wheeled vehicles, driven or drawn by power unit, running on road for personnel driving or goods shipping and special engineering operation.
2.0.3 Non-motor vehicle
The vehicles which are driven by manpower and run on road as well as the electric bicycles, motor wheelchairs for the disabled and other vehicles which are driven by power unit but with the maximum speed per hour, empty vehicle mass and boundary dimensions meeting the relevant standards of the nation.
2.0.4 Motor vehicle garage
The building where motor vehicles are parked.
2.0.5 Non-motor vehicle garage
The building where non-motor vehicles are parked.
2.0.6 Underground garage
The parking garage of which the indoor floor is lower than the outdoor floor by more than 1/2 of its clear height;
2.0.7 Detached garage
The parking garage which is separately built and also has independent and complete building major structure and equipment system.
2.0.8 Garage attached to building
The parking garage which is built in combination with other buildings or structures and also wholly or partially shares the building major structure and equipment system with them.
2.0.9 Compound mechanical motor vehicle garage
The mechanical motor vehicle garage which is set with indoor lanes and drivers' access ways.
2.0.10 Open motor vehicle garage
The motor vehicle garage with the open area of exterior wall on any floor exceeding 25% of the total area of surrounding exterior walls on this floor, the open area being uniformly arranged on the exterior wall and the open length not less than 50% of its circumference.
2.0.11 Mechanical motor vehicle garage
The parking garage where access and parking of motor vehicles are realized with mechanical parking devices.
2.0.12 Fully automatic mechanical motor vehicle garage
The mechanical motor vehicle garage without indoor lanes and drivers' access ways.
2.0.13 Equivalent parking unit
The standard reference vehicle type unit set for the purpose of coordinating various different vehicle types and assisting the statistics and calculation of such data as the quantity of parked vehicles and the size of parking stall.
2.0.14 Parking stall
The parking space divided for parking vehicles in parking garage or the separate unit for parking vehicles in mechanical parking devices, which consists of the vehicle size and the required peripheral distance.
2.0.15 Parking area
The space for vehicle traveling and parking in the parking garage, which mainly consists of parking stall and traffic passage.
2.0.16 Entrance/exit of ramp
The position connecting the indoor and outdoor vehicle traffic via a ramp in the motor vehicle garage.
2.0.17 Entrance/exit of elevator
The position connecting the indoor and outdoor vehicle traffic via an elevator in the motor vehicle garage.
2.0.18 Entrance/exit of straight-in
The position where the vehicles directly enter the parking area in motor vehicle garage from outdoor place.
2.0.19 Lane
The part for traveling of single row of vehicles on the roadway.
2.0.20 Transition slope
The transition slope set to ensure no friction of the bottom of motor vehicle with the ground surface on both ends of the ramp in case of large ramp slope.
2.0.21 Super elevation at curve
The height difference formed by the curve cross slope which is set to balance the centrifugal force produced when the motor vehicle travels at the curve.
2.0.22 Vehicular minimum turning radius
The radius of the round trace rolled on the supporting plane by the central plane of outer steering wheel when the steering handle is turned to limit position and the motor vehicle travels at the minimum stable speed during turning, which represents the capacity of motor vehicle to pass through narrow curve or bypass the obstacle which cannot be crossed over.
2.0.23 Circular outer radius of vehicle
The radius of the travelling trace along the circular curve by the outermost end of motor vehicle during turning, with the center of slewing circle as the reference point.
2.0.24 Circular inner radius of vehicle
The radius of the travelling trace along the circular curve by the innermost end of motor vehicle during turning, with the center of slewing circle as the reference point.
2.0.25 Outer radius of the circular lane
The radius of the travelling trace along the circular curve by the outermost end of motor vehicle during turning, with the center of slewing circle as the reference point, plus the safety distance from the farthest end of motor vehicle to the outer edge of circular lane.
2.0.26 Inner radius of the circular lane
The radius of the travelling trace along the circular curve by the innermost end of motor vehicle during turning, with the center of slewing circle as the reference point, minus the safety distance from the nearest end of motor vehicle to the outer edge of circular lane.
2.0.27 Turning radius of the vehicle lane
The radius of inner road edge of the curve, which can ensure the normal traveling of motor vehicle during turning.
2.0.28 Mechanical parking devices
The mechanical device or equipment system used for the access and parking of motor vehicles with mechanical methods, which is referred to as "parking system".
2.0.29 Lift-sliding mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices lifting and sliding the vehicles with parking board or other vehicle carrying devices.
2.0.30 Vertical lifting mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices using vertical circulating mechanism to make the parking stalls vertically and cyclically move to the entrance/exit tier to receive vehicles.
2.0.31 Horizontal circulating mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices using horizontal circulating mechanism to make the parking stalls horizontally and cyclically move to the elevator or entrance/exit to receive vehicles.
2.0.32 Multi-tier circulating mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices used for the access and parking of vehicles in multiple tiers with the parking stall system in cyclic movement.
2.0.33 Horizontal shifting mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices realizing the access of vehicles by shifting the vehicles or vehicle carrying boards with the carrier plane on the same horizontal tier. For the multi-tier horizontal shifting mechanical parking system, it also needs realizing the lifting among different tiers with elevator.
2.0.34 Stacking mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices horizontally and vertically moving the vehicles to the place beside parking stalls by using aisle stacker and also parking the vehicles with access handover mechanism.
2.0.35 Vertical lifting mechanical parking system
The mechanical parking devices lifting the vehicles to the designated tier by using elevator and also parking the vehicles with access handover mechanism.
2.0.36 Parking lift
Mechanical parking devices used for the access of vehicles with lifting or pitching mechanism.
2.0.37 Lift for vehicle
The mechanical device used for lifting and handling the vehicles from the entrance/exit to parking garage to different parking floors.
2.0.38 Bicycle stand/rack
The rack used for parking bicycles for the convenience of management and access.
2.0.39 Multi-tier bicycle stand/rack
The rack used for parking two or more tiers of bicycles on the same floor.
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3 Site and General Plan
3.1 Site
3.1.1 The site selection of parking garage shall meet the requirements of urban general planning, traffic planning, environmental protection and fire protection, etc.
3.1.2 The site selection of parking garage shall take full advantage of the urban land resources. The underground garage should be arranged in combination with the development of urban underground space and the underground civil air defence facilities.
3.1.3 The site of private parking garage should be arranged at the special land area of private units; the site of public parking garage shall be located at the place with large parking demand and should be at the same side of urban road as the main service objects.
3.1.4 The service radius of motor vehicle garage should not be larger than 500m, and that of non-motor vehicle garage should not be larger than 100m.
3.1.5 The sites of super-large-, large- and medium-scale motor vehicle garages should be adjacent to urban roads; otherwise, passages connecting the parking garage and urban road shall be set.
3.1.6 The entrance/exit design of parking garage site shall meet the following requirements:
1 The number and position of the site entrances/exits shall meet the requirements of the current national standard "Code for Design of Civil Buildings" (GB 50352) as well as the relevant requirements of urban traffic planning and management;
2 The site entrances/exits shall not be directly connected with the urban expressways and should not be directly connected with the urban arterial roads;
3 The width of the main entrances/exits of site shall not be less than 4m, and the smooth connection between the entrances/exits and the internal passages shall be ensured;
4 Where vehicle access formalities shall be transacted at the site entrances/exits, waiting lanes shall be set at the entrances/exits and shall not occupy urban roads; the motor vehicle waiting lane shall not be less than 4m in width and 10m in length; as for non-motor vehicles, appropriate waiting space shall be arranged;
5 The entrances/exits of motor vehicle garage site shall be provided with sighting condition, and the ground slope at the entrances/exits connecting with urban roads should not be larger than 5%;
6 The turning radius of the vehicle lane at the entrances/exits of motor vehicle garage site should not be less than 6m and shall also meet the requirements of minimum turning radius of the vehicles travelling in the site;
7 The minimum distance between the entrances/exits of adjacent motor vehicle garage sites shall neither be less than 15m nor be less than the sum of turning radius of the roads at such entrances/exits.
3.1.7 The entrances/exits of motor vehicle garage site shall be set with deceleration safety facilities.
